Id-Code: VA 248
Family: Violaceae
Origin: The species occurs in the Eastern half of Canada and the United States
Special Features: White flowering violet speckled with China blue
Colour: White with china-blue speckles
Natural Flowering Period: April - May
Winter Hardiness Zones: Z3-8
Growth Habit: Low-growing clumps
Foliage: Dark green, heart-shaped leaves
Height with Flowers: 15 cm (6'')
Spacing between Plants: 25 cm (10'')
Soil Requirements: Average garden soils, pH 5.8 - 7.2
Location: Full sun to partial shade
Use: Lovely in mixed containers or the front of the border with Aquilegia canadensis 'Pink Lanterns', Geranium pratense 'Dark Reiter', and Heuchera 'Palace Purple Select' or in the light shade of trees as groundcover
Specialities: Easy-to-grow in the rock garden. Also available as JELITTO GOLD NUGGET SEED^® (VG 248)

Cultural Tips:
Grams per 1000 Seeds: 1,493
Seeds per Gram: 670
Seeding Recommendation: 5 g / 1000 plants
Sowing Rate: 3 seeds per cell
Plug tray recommended size(s): 128 or 288
Germination: The sowing must be kept warm (about +18 to 22°C) [about 64 to 72°F] and moist for the first 2-4 weeks. After this period the sowing must be kept at a cold temperature (between -4 and +4°C) [between 25 and 39°F] for another 4-6 weeks. It is not so important if the temperature is higher or lower during the cooling period, but the cooling period has to be prolonged because the synthesis of the germination inducer, hormonlike acid, slows down or comes to a standstill. It is beneficial to cover the sowing with snow during the cooling-period. The temperature below it usually keeps in the optimum range of -4 to 0°C [25 to 32°F]. The sowing is kept moist, and the melting snow helps to destroy the shell, which is advantageous for the germinating seedling. After this cooling-period the sowing may not be immediately exposed to high temperatures. The most effective temperatures are between +5 to 12°C [41 to 54°F], even if germination has started. The best location for this sowing, even in March, April and May, is the open field, the cold frame or a cold greenhouse.

Scheduling:
Best Sowing Dates: November - March
Sowing to Germination: 8 - 10 weeks
Germination to Transplant: 4 - 6 weeks
Transplanting to Salable Plant: 6 - 8 weeks
Cutting-Back at Transplanting: Not necessary

Growing On:
Container Size(s): 1 plug per 8/9 cm (3 1/2''); 1-2 plugs per 11/12 cm (4 1/2'')
Vernalization: There is no current research on vernalization but a prudent recommendation for any perennial would be 6-12 weeks (a few might need 15 weeks!) at an average daily temperature of 40°F (5°C). Exposure to cold may not be necessary for flowering but might improve quality.
Forcing: An obvious place to experiment - following vernalization - would be raising daytime temperatures to 60° - 65°F (15° - 17°C). Provide 16 hours of continuous lighting. During the short days of winter, provide a night interruption lighting of 4 hours between 10:00 p.m. and 2:00 a.m.
Fertilization: Medium (150-200 ppm)